THE FOUR YUGAS
The four yugas are known as a divya yuga. One divya yuga is 12,000 years of
the demigods or 4,320,000 human years.
KRTA or SATYA-YUGA (Golden Age)
Duration - 4,800 demigods years or 1,728,000 human years
Life span - 100,000 years
Yuga dharma - meditation or astanga yoga having eight parts.
1) Yama - Rules
2) Niyama - Restrictions
3) Asana - Sitting postures
4) Pranayama - Breathing exercises
5) Pratyahara - Sense restriction
6) Dharana - Meditation
7) Dhyana - Undisturbed meditation
8) Samadhi - Total absorbtion
Yuga Avatara (11.5.21)
The yuga avatara is white with four arms, has
matted hair and wears a garment of tree bark. He
carries a black deerskin, a sacred thread, prayer
beads and the rod and waterpot of a brahmacari.
Symptoms of Satya-yuga
The people are peaceful, non-envious, friendly
and naturally Krsna conscious. In Satya-yuga
there was no division of asrama, everyone was a
paramahamsa. There was no demigod worship, only
the worship of Krsna and religion was perfectly
practiced.
(S.B. 11.5.21-22)(S.B. Canto 9 Ch. 14)
TRETA-YUGA (Silver Age)
Duration - 3,600 demigod years or 1,296,00 human years
Life span - 10,000 years
Yuga dharma - Fire sacrifice, Yajna
Yuga Avatara - The yuga avatara is red. He has four arms and
golden hair. He wears a triple belt representing
initiation into the three Vedas. His symbols are
the sruk, sruva, etc.,(ladle, spoon and other
implements of sacrifice).
Symptoms of Treta-yuga
In Treta-yuga the people are thoroughly
religious. In Satya-yuga people are naturally
Krsna conscious. In Treta-yuga they are inclined
to become Krsna conscious. To achieve that end
they are very strict in following Vedic
principles.
DVARPARA-YUGA (Copper Age)
Duration - 2,400 demigod years or 864,000 human years
Life span - 1,000 years
Yuga Avatara - In Dvapara-yuga his complexion is dark blue. He
wears yellow garments. His body is marked with
Srivatsa and other distinctive ornaments, and He
manifests His personal weapons.
NOTE: In other Dvapara-yugas before Krsna's appearance,
the yuga avatara was somewhat greenish.
The original Personality of Godhead from whom all
other incarnations expand is Sri Krsna. He
appears once in a day of Brahma, during the
period of the seventh manu (Vaivasvata) in the
28th divyayuga. The original Personality of
Godhead Krsna only comes once in a day of Brahma.
Although in every Dvapara-yuga there is a yuga
avatara, they are all expansions of Visnu,
who is an expansion of Sri Krsna.
Symptoms of Dvapara-yuga
In Dvapara-yuga people have the weaknesses of
mortal beingss, but they have a strong desire to
know about the Absolute Truth and they worship
the Lord in the mood of honoring a great king,
following the prescriptions of both Vedas and
tantras.
KALI-YUGA (Iron Age)
Duration - 1,200 demigod years or 432,000 human years
Life span - 100 years
Yuga dharma - Chanting the Hare Krsna (Maha) mantra
Yuga Avatara - The yuga avatara for the age of Kali is golden or
yellow. For this Kali-yuga Lord Caitanya has
appeared although He does not appear in every
Kali-yuga. The yuga avatara for Kali-yuga is
generally black. Lord Caitanya, who is Krsna
Himself, appears only in the Kali-yuga
immediately following the appearance of Sri Krsna
in Dvapara-yuga.
Symptoms of Kali-yuga
O, learned one in the age of Kali, men have but
short lives. They are quarrelsome, lazy,
misguided unlucky and above all, always
disturbed.
(S.B.1.1.10)
NOTE:
There is a chronological order of the four yugas - Satya,
Dvapara, Treta and Kali. Sometimes there is an overlapping.
During the regime of Vaivasvata Manu there was an
overlapping of the twenty eighth divya-yuga and the third
yuga, Treta appears before the second, Dvapara. When this
happens the source of all incarnations, Krsna, appears.
Every yuga is divided into three periods called sandhyas.
(S.B. 1.4.14)
One thousand divya-yugas equals one day of Brahma. In Brahma's one day there
are fourteen Manus. In each one Manu enjoys a life of seventy-two divya-yugas
or 852,000 years of the demigods or 306,720,000 human years. After the
dissolution of every Manu a new Manu comes. The seven great sages as well as
the leaders in the heavenly planets like Indra, etc., also rotate along with
each change of Manu. Thus with the change of each and every Manu the universal
management also changes.
In Brahma's one day there are 14 Manus
In Brahma's one month there are 420 Manus
In Brahma's one year there are 5,040 manus
In Brahma's lifetime there are 504,000 Manus
MANVANTARA AVATARAS
The present age is the Vaivasvata Manu and Brahma's present day is the Sveta
Varaha Kalpa.
14 Manus for this day of Brahma
1) Svayambhuva Manu - son of Lord Brahma
2) Svarocisa Manu - son of Agni
3) Uttama Manu - son of Priyavrata
4) Tamasa Manu - brother of Uttama
5) Raivata Manu - brother of Tamasa
6) Caksusa Manu - son of the demigod Caksu
7) Vaivasvata Manu - son of the sun-god Vivasvan
8) Savarni Manu - son of the sun-god by his wife Chaya
9) Daksa Savarni - son of Varuna
10) Brahma Sarvani _ son of Brahma
11) Dharma Savarni - son of Ruci
12) Rudra Savarni - son of Rudra
13) Deva Savarni - son of Satyasaha
14) Indra Savarni - son of Bhuti
During the period of each manu different sages accept the position of Vyasa
or the compiler of the Vedas, Puranas, etc. Thus in the Dvapara-yuga of each
divya-yuga a different sage accepts the position of Vyasa.
28 Vyasas of the Vaivasvata Manvantara
1) Brahma 15) Trayyaruna
2) Prajapati or Manu 16) Dhananjaya
3) Usana, Sukracarya 17) Krtanjaya
4) Brhaspati 18) Rina
5) Savitri 19) Bharadvaja
6) Yamaraja 20) Gautama
7) Indra 21) Uttama
8) Vasistha 22) Vena
9) Sarasvata 23) Somasushmapana
10) Tridhama 24) Riksha or Valmiki
11) Trivishan 25) Sakti, father of Parasara Muni
12) Bharadhvaja 26) Parasara Muni
13) Antariksa 27) Jaratkaru
14) Vapra 28) Krsna Dvaipayana Vyasa
In the next Dvapara-yuga the Vyasa will be Asvattama the son of Drona.
the demigods or 4,320,000 human years.
KRTA or SATYA-YUGA (Golden Age)
Duration - 4,800 demigods years or 1,728,000 human years
Life span - 100,000 years
Yuga dharma - meditation or astanga yoga having eight parts.
1) Yama - Rules
2) Niyama - Restrictions
3) Asana - Sitting postures
4) Pranayama - Breathing exercises
5) Pratyahara - Sense restriction
6) Dharana - Meditation
7) Dhyana - Undisturbed meditation
8) Samadhi - Total absorbtion
Yuga Avatara (11.5.21)
The yuga avatara is white with four arms, has
matted hair and wears a garment of tree bark. He
carries a black deerskin, a sacred thread, prayer
beads and the rod and waterpot of a brahmacari.
Symptoms of Satya-yuga
The people are peaceful, non-envious, friendly
and naturally Krsna conscious. In Satya-yuga
there was no division of asrama, everyone was a
paramahamsa. There was no demigod worship, only
the worship of Krsna and religion was perfectly
practiced.
(S.B. 11.5.21-22)(S.B. Canto 9 Ch. 14)
TRETA-YUGA (Silver Age)
Duration - 3,600 demigod years or 1,296,00 human years
Life span - 10,000 years
Yuga dharma - Fire sacrifice, Yajna
Yuga Avatara - The yuga avatara is red. He has four arms and
golden hair. He wears a triple belt representing
initiation into the three Vedas. His symbols are
the sruk, sruva, etc.,(ladle, spoon and other
implements of sacrifice).
Symptoms of Treta-yuga
In Treta-yuga the people are thoroughly
religious. In Satya-yuga people are naturally
Krsna conscious. In Treta-yuga they are inclined
to become Krsna conscious. To achieve that end
they are very strict in following Vedic
principles.
DVARPARA-YUGA (Copper Age)
Duration - 2,400 demigod years or 864,000 human years
Life span - 1,000 years
Yuga Avatara - In Dvapara-yuga his complexion is dark blue. He
wears yellow garments. His body is marked with
Srivatsa and other distinctive ornaments, and He
manifests His personal weapons.
NOTE: In other Dvapara-yugas before Krsna's appearance,
the yuga avatara was somewhat greenish.
The original Personality of Godhead from whom all
other incarnations expand is Sri Krsna. He
appears once in a day of Brahma, during the
period of the seventh manu (Vaivasvata) in the
28th divyayuga. The original Personality of
Godhead Krsna only comes once in a day of Brahma.
Although in every Dvapara-yuga there is a yuga
avatara, they are all expansions of Visnu,
who is an expansion of Sri Krsna.
Symptoms of Dvapara-yuga
In Dvapara-yuga people have the weaknesses of
mortal beingss, but they have a strong desire to
know about the Absolute Truth and they worship
the Lord in the mood of honoring a great king,
following the prescriptions of both Vedas and
tantras.
KALI-YUGA (Iron Age)
Duration - 1,200 demigod years or 432,000 human years
Life span - 100 years
Yuga dharma - Chanting the Hare Krsna (Maha) mantra
Yuga Avatara - The yuga avatara for the age of Kali is golden or
yellow. For this Kali-yuga Lord Caitanya has
appeared although He does not appear in every
Kali-yuga. The yuga avatara for Kali-yuga is
generally black. Lord Caitanya, who is Krsna
Himself, appears only in the Kali-yuga
immediately following the appearance of Sri Krsna
in Dvapara-yuga.
Symptoms of Kali-yuga
O, learned one in the age of Kali, men have but
short lives. They are quarrelsome, lazy,
misguided unlucky and above all, always
disturbed.
(S.B.1.1.10)
NOTE:
There is a chronological order of the four yugas - Satya,
Dvapara, Treta and Kali. Sometimes there is an overlapping.
During the regime of Vaivasvata Manu there was an
overlapping of the twenty eighth divya-yuga and the third
yuga, Treta appears before the second, Dvapara. When this
happens the source of all incarnations, Krsna, appears.
Every yuga is divided into three periods called sandhyas.
(S.B. 1.4.14)
One thousand divya-yugas equals one day of Brahma. In Brahma's one day there
are fourteen Manus. In each one Manu enjoys a life of seventy-two divya-yugas
or 852,000 years of the demigods or 306,720,000 human years. After the
dissolution of every Manu a new Manu comes. The seven great sages as well as
the leaders in the heavenly planets like Indra, etc., also rotate along with
each change of Manu. Thus with the change of each and every Manu the universal
management also changes.
In Brahma's one day there are 14 Manus
In Brahma's one month there are 420 Manus
In Brahma's one year there are 5,040 manus
In Brahma's lifetime there are 504,000 Manus
MANVANTARA AVATARAS
The present age is the Vaivasvata Manu and Brahma's present day is the Sveta
Varaha Kalpa.
14 Manus for this day of Brahma
1) Svayambhuva Manu - son of Lord Brahma
2) Svarocisa Manu - son of Agni
3) Uttama Manu - son of Priyavrata
4) Tamasa Manu - brother of Uttama
5) Raivata Manu - brother of Tamasa
6) Caksusa Manu - son of the demigod Caksu
7) Vaivasvata Manu - son of the sun-god Vivasvan
8) Savarni Manu - son of the sun-god by his wife Chaya
9) Daksa Savarni - son of Varuna
10) Brahma Sarvani _ son of Brahma
11) Dharma Savarni - son of Ruci
12) Rudra Savarni - son of Rudra
13) Deva Savarni - son of Satyasaha
14) Indra Savarni - son of Bhuti
During the period of each manu different sages accept the position of Vyasa
or the compiler of the Vedas, Puranas, etc. Thus in the Dvapara-yuga of each
divya-yuga a different sage accepts the position of Vyasa.
28 Vyasas of the Vaivasvata Manvantara
1) Brahma 15) Trayyaruna
2) Prajapati or Manu 16) Dhananjaya
3) Usana, Sukracarya 17) Krtanjaya
4) Brhaspati 18) Rina
5) Savitri 19) Bharadvaja
6) Yamaraja 20) Gautama
7) Indra 21) Uttama
8) Vasistha 22) Vena
9) Sarasvata 23) Somasushmapana
10) Tridhama 24) Riksha or Valmiki
11) Trivishan 25) Sakti, father of Parasara Muni
12) Bharadhvaja 26) Parasara Muni
13) Antariksa 27) Jaratkaru
14) Vapra 28) Krsna Dvaipayana Vyasa
In the next Dvapara-yuga the Vyasa will be Asvattama the son of Drona.
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