Vedic Cosmology
Western timeline of creation begins with the BigBang explosion.
As per Western timeline BigBang explosion occurred 14 billion years ago which caused the beginning and expansion of universe creating the many galaxies and stars. As per western timeline of creation the universe is still expanding with innumerable galaxies in it like our own Milky Way galaxy consisting of the Solar system and other billions of stars in it. The nearest galaxy to our galaxy is the Andromeda galaxy which is 2 million light years away.
However as per the Vedic people the Milky Way consisting of many stars and our Solar system is a separate universe amongst many universes and is not a galaxy. As per western cosmology many galaxies exist in one universe while Vedic cosmology considers each of these galaxies to be separate universes or multiverses existing in the ¼ material sky. The Vedics belonging to the Milky Way universe of Lord Bramha consider the nearest Andromeda universe as Pratishrusti or parallel universe which is ruled by Emperor Trishankhu of the Suryavamsha dynasty. Sage Vishwamitra made Emperor Trisankhu the ruler of Andromeda universe through the powers of his mystic Yoga. The Vedics were unknown to the concept of Big Bang explosion before the British occupation of India. As per Vedics the BigBang explosion occurred in the Milky Way universe some 14 billion years ago which resulted in the creation of new space matter and stars. As per Vedics the occurrence of BigBang explosion some 14 billion years ago in the Milky way universe started a new day of Lord Bramha known as Bramha Kalpa in which new stars like the Sun and the 27 star constellations or Nakshatras were created in the Milky Way universe of Lord Bramha since the material universe of Lord Bramha or Bramhanda already existed from 155 trillion 72 billion years in the material sky.
Sanatan Vedic Dharma cosmology and timeline is closest to modern scientific timeline yet it differs from it in many ways since it considers Big Bang explosion to be one of the many cycles in creation in our Milky Way universe and not the beginning of universe as like western cosmology. It considers BigBang explosion to be the start of new day of Bramha in which creation begins in the Milky Way universe and is one such preceding cycles of creation that were being preceded prior to it by an infinite number of creative cycles of universe known as Kalpa or day of Bramha and that it will be followed by another infinite number of cycles or days of Bramha known as Kalpa in which new creation will occur and old creation will be destroyed. It also includes an infinite number of universes at one given time in the material sky.
The RigVeda questions the origin of the cosmos in: "Neither being (sat) nor non-being was as yet. What was concealed? And where? And in whose protection? Who really knows? Who can declare it? Whence was it born, and whence came this creation? The devas were born later than this world's creation, so who knows from where it came into existence? None can know from where creation has arisen, and whether he has or has not produced it. He who surveys it in the highest heavens, he alone knows-or perhaps does not know." (Rig Veda 10. 129)
As per modern western astronomy and cosmology, after the Big Bang explosion some 14 billion years ago the Universe started to expand, grow and multiply which created the many galaxies, black holes, suns, stars, planets, satellites in the ever expanding universe. However the modern western scientists cannot explain what existed prior to BigBang explosion and what caused the Big bang explosion which resulted in the expansion of matter into space nor does the Abrahamic Biblical Old testament history which describes creation of Universe in 7 nights and 7 days time by Supreme God doesn’t give complete, satisfactory and adequate answers regarding the mysteries of creation of Universe.
The modern day western scientific world cannot give satisfactory answers regarding the mysteries of creation of Universe which are precisely mentioned in the revealed Vedic scriptures such as the Puranas and Vedas that present a more authentic, real, accurate and logical explanation of history of creation which cannot be found in the modern western cosmology theory of creation.
The RigVedic view of the cosmos sees one true divine principle self-projecting as the divine word - Vaak, in the form of Shabda Bramha giving birth to cosmos that we know, from the monistic Hiranyagarbha or Golden Womb. This Hiranyagarbha is alternatively viewed as Lord Brahma, the creator who in turn was created from the navel of Supreme God Garbhodakshayi Vishnu. The universe was created some 155 trillion 72 billion earthly years ago and is considered to be constantly expanding since creation and will eventually disappear into a thin haze when Lord Bramha’s life span of 311 billion 40 billion years will eventually come to an end. An alternate view is that the universe begins to contract after reaching its maximum expansion limits until it disappears into a fraction of a millimeter or Bindu when the new creation begins anew after billions of years (Solar years) of non-existence.
This same Vedic view is elaborated in the Puranas who assert that the universe is created, destroyed, and re-created in an eternally repetitive series of cycles. In Hindu cosmology, a universe endures for about 4,320,000,000 years (one day of Brahma, the creator or kalpa) and is then destroyed by fire or water elements. At this point, Brahma rests for one night, just as long as his day and some of his lower and middle planetary system are destroyed. This process is named pralaya (dissolution of cosmic creation in Sanskrit, commonly translated as Cataclysm). At the start of Bramha’s new day once again creation takes place and such cycle of day and night repeats for 100 years of Lord Brahma which equals to (311 Trillion, 40 Billion Human Years) which represents Brahma's lifespan. As per Shaiva theory everything emanates from Bramhan or impersonal Sadashivloka and everything merges in Bramhan. Lord Brahma is also regarded as a manifestation of Brahman, therefore at the end of Lord Bramha’s life known as Vikalpa, Lord Bramha merges himself and his entire cosmic manifestation in Bramhan which is the sumtotal of creation.
Both Shaiva and Vaishnav Puranic cosmological view confirm that the impersonal Bramhan is the cause, source and end of the cosmic manifestation. However, the Shaivas consider Bramhan to be impersonal having no source or origin to it while the Vaishnavas consider the origin of Bramhan or Bramhajyoti rays from the Person form of Supreme God Krishna from whose eternal transcendental body the Bramhajyoti rays emanate from the topmost Krishnaloka planet in Vaikuntha and spread across the ¾ spiritual sky. Therefore Shaivas consider merging in impersonal Bramhajyoti of the Supreme Lord as Moksha which is not desired by the Vaishnavas who consider it as Sayujya Mukti or Moksha. Vaishnavas consider merging into Bramhan effulgence as spiritual suicide because the devotees desire to have divine eternal association with the Supreme Lord in the spiritual world which is known as Mukti. By merging in Bramhan there is also a chance of once again falling in the material universes and being subjected to repeated birth and death. Therefore the Vaishnavas or devotees of the Supreme Lord Vishnu and Krishna as per their devotion attain 4 types of liberation or Mukti in the ¾ Parajagat Vaikuntha planets or Spiritual world which are Samipya Mukti – association with Supreme Lord, Salokya Mukti- attaining same planet as like the Supreme Lord, Sarupya Mukti – achieving same bodily features as like the Supreme Lord and Sarishtya Mukti – achieving same qualities as like the Supreme Lord.
As per Vaishnav cosmology the ¾ spiritual sky is within the expanse of Bramhan effulgence in which innumerable Vishnu planets are presided and controlled by the various incarnations and forms of Vishnu which are known as the Vaikuntha planets. The Vaikunthaloka planets are situated in the unmanifest, eternal and self-effulgent spiritual sky that is filled with Bramhan effulgence. The effulgent rays of Bramhajyoti originate from the Person form of Supreme Lord Krishna who eternally resides in the topmost Krishnaloka or Golokadham with his ever-liberated Souls. Supreme Lord Krishna is the original Vishnu and is the origin of all Vishnu incarnations who appear in the material universes to restore Dharma and vanquish the miscreants. Lord Krishna is the Supreme God controlling the entire cosmic manifestation and is the cause of all causes. The devotees by performing devotional service become self realized and attain Krishnaloka in which they reside eternally and serve the Supreme Lord and are never being again subjected to repeated birth and death in the material universes. The devotees of Supreme Lord Krishna achieve deathlessness.
As per Vedic cosmology in the ¼ material sky the conditioned Soul because of his free will and of desiring to remain independent from the Supreme Lord is placed under the material energy or Maya energy of the Supreme Lord. The fallen Soul as per his desire in the material world is subjected to repeated birth and birth in the 8400000 species in the innumerable multiple universes or multiverses till he attains human form of life in which he can enquire about Self-realization and of transcending the modes of material nature to once again achieve eternal life in the spiritual world.
Lord MahaVishnu who is a plenary expansion of Lord Krishna while lying on the sum-total energy of the cosmic manifestation known as the Mahat-tattva creates innumerable material univeses which are spread across the material sky. By his creative glance MahaVishnu impregnates the fallen conditioned Souls in the material universes who want to separately enjoy their minute independence and free will away from the Supreme Lord in the spiritual world. Lord MahaVishnu in his creative Yoganidra sleep on the Casual Ocean during his breathing inhalations annihilates many multiple universes and during his breathing exhalations creates many material universes or multiverses which emanate from his bodily pores which are spread across the material sky. The Yognidra sleep of MahaVishnu is responsible for the strong gravitational force which exists in dark matter and in the black holes that exist in the material universes. Thus MahaVishnu is responsible for the primary creation, maintenance, destruction and control of the material universes in the material sky.
This concept of multiverses is mentioned in Hindu Puranic literature, such as in the Bhagavata Purana of which the western scientific community is unknown and unaware of.
Every material universe is created from the exhalation breathing of MahaVishnu which is covered by eight layers — earth, water, fire, air, sky, mind, intellect and false ego — each ten times greater than the previous one. There are innumerable universes besides our one in the material sky, and although they are unlimitedly large, they move about like atoms in You or the Supreme Lord. Therefore the Supreme Lord is called unlimited or Ananta (Bhagavata Purana 6.16.37)
After separating the different universes, the gigantic universal form of the Lord Mahavishnu, came out of the causal ocean and placed his appearance as the first puruṣa-avatār and entered into each of the separate universes as Garbhodakshayi Vishnu, desiring to lie on the created transcendental waters of Garbhodak Ocean, after which Lord Bramha was created on the lotus stem protruding from his navel. Lord Vishnu then instructed his son Lord Bramha for creation in his material universe (Bhagavata Purana 2.10.10)
The number of universes seems to be uncountable, immeasurable, or incalculable according to the Puranic literature:
The Supreme Lord says even though over a period of time I might count all the atoms of the universe, I could not count all of My opulences which I manifest within innumerable universes (Bhagavata Purana 11.16.39)
Analogies to describe multiple universes also exist in the Puranic literature:
What am I, a small creature measuring seven spans of my own hand? I am enclosed in a potlike universe composed of material nature, the total material energy, false ego, ether, air, water and earth. And what is Your glory? Unlimited universes pass through the pores of Your body just as particles of dust pass through the openings of a screened window (Bhagavata Purana 10.14.11)
Because You are unlimited, neither the lords of heaven nor even You Yourself can ever reach the end of Your glories. The countless universes, each enveloped in its shell, are compelled by the wheel of time to wander within You, like particles of dust blowing about in the sky. The śrutis, following their method of eliminating everything separate from the Supreme, become successful by revealing You as their final conclusion (Bhagavata Purana 10.87.41)
The layers or elements covering the universes are each ten times thicker than the one before, and all the universes clustered together appear like atoms in a huge combination (Bhagavata Purana 3.11.41)
Yoga Vashishtha the text which states conversations between Vashistha, a Rigvedic teacher and various Gods and Kakbhushubdi, a creature which stands outside the normal time and sees all. It recounts the cyclical nature of time where Kakabhushundi has seen Ramayan 11 times with different outcomes and seen Mahabharat 16 times with different results but after seeing Daksha Yagya twice, he did not either care to see it again or so no point as it ended same way each time. Further conversations talk about the atoms or anu at quantam level and inside each quantam level are different universes. A sorrowful queen is shown her husband is still alive in one of quantam or atomic universes and ruling wisely and is given the option to join him there. The idea of Heisenberg Principle is inunciated where a rishi illustrates a decision tree by visiting and showing several parallel universes with all possible results of that decision could occur and use that to illustrate why he took a decision he did in this universe.
Lord MahaVishnu’s Yognidra sleep is responsible for the cause of dark matter that separates various material universes from each other and is also the cause for the strong gravitational force that exists in blackholes. Lord Garbhodakshayi Vishnu enters and controls each of the material universes created by Lord MahaVishnu and gives birth to secondary creator Lord Bramha who is born from the navel of Garbhodakshayi Vishnu. The individual material universes are made up of 8 coverings of earth, water, fire, air, ether, mind, intellect and false ego. The material bodies of the living entities in Lord Bramha’s material universe are also made up of these 8 elements which is part of the inferior material energy of the Supreme Lord. The black hole existing within each material universe is actually the navel of Garbhodakshayi Vishnu from where our universe came into being and will ultimately end at the end of lifetime of Bramha. The creator of the Milky Way universe Lord Bramha possesses 4 heads who created the 14 planetary system some 155 trillion 72 billion earthly years ago which rests upon the gravitational pull exerted by the navel of Garbhodakashayi Vishnu and has a lifespan of 311 trillion 44 billion earthly years ago. Lord Bramha, the creator populated the Milky Way universe in the 14 planetary systems with various lifeforms in different space and dimension based on the 3 modes of material nature namely Goodness, passion and ignorance.
Like our Milky Way material universe there are many such material universes spread across the ¼ material sky which are controlled and ruled by Lord Bramha that are born from the navel of Garbhodakshayi Vishnu of that particular universe and who possess multiple heads of 16, 64, 128, 1000, 10000, million and billion heads. The multiple headed Bramha’s of various multiverses create different types of lifeforms and each multiverse has its own duration or timespan. However all the living beings including Lord Bramha are conditioned Spirit Souls in these various material universes and are subjected to repeated birth and death as per their Karma and desire till they surrender unto the Supreme Lord in devotion by the process of Self-realization to be eligible to attain the spiritual world.
Our Bramhanda or universe is called the Milky Way universe or galaxy which contains innumerable Suns, stars, planets and other space objects including the black hole present in the middle of our milky way universe in which strong gravitational force of Garbhodakshayi Vishnu is exerted over the waters of Garbhodak Sagar on which lies Garbhodakshayi Vishnu who is responsible for the creation and annihilation of our individual universe. The timespan or lifespan of our material universe or Bramhanda is known as Vikalpa which is already mentioned in the Vedic Aryan texts such as the Vedas and Puranas to be 311 trillion 44 billion earthly years or the lifespan of Lord Bramha. Already half of Lord Bramha’s lifespan of 155 trillion 72 billion earthly years have passed since creation and not 14 billion years after the Big Bang explosion according to western cosmology which is a hypothetical theory based on unknown facts. Bigbang theory is still in a matter of debate by western scientists who keep on refuting one another’s theories and research and is not a confirmed theory regarding the creation of universe.
As per Vedic theory of creation during the cyclical night of Bramha which is 4 billion 32 million earthly years annihilation of creation was done by Lord Shiva and once again it was created during day of Bramha which is equal to 4 billion 32 million earthly years. Therefore a total day and night of Bramha equals 8 billion 64 million earthly years.
As per western creationism theory BigBang explosion occured some 14 billion years ago which started the formation of galaxies, stars and space matter in the existing universe, however the western theory of creation is unable to explain what triggered BigBang explosion and what existed in the universe before the occurrence of BigBang explosion.
As per Vedic cosmology some 14 billion years ago the creation cycle of previous Bramha Kalpa day ended which was followed by the Bramha Kalpa night of annihilation. During Bramhakalpa night of 4 billion 32 million earthly years that began 14 billion years ago no lifeforms existed after the end of previous cyclical day of Bramha. Thus Vedic cosmology gives a vivid and perfect description of creation and annihilation that occurs cyclically in the Milky Way galaxy or universe as per the occurrence of Bramha’s day and night. Vedic cosmology considers Milky Way galaxy to be our universe which was created 155 trillion 44 billion earthly years ago from the navel of Garbhodakshayi Vishnu whose creator is Lord Bramha and annihilator is Lord Shiva. As per Vedic cosmology the far distant galaxies are the different universes spread across the 1/4 material sky of the cosmic manifestation that are created from the breathing of Lord MahaVishnu. The western concept of ever-expanding universe with many galaxies which occurred after the Bigbang explosion some 14 billion years ago is not approved by Vedic cosmology. According to Vedic cosmology BigBang explosion is considered to be the start of new cycle of creation after the annihilation of previous creation that occured in the Milky Way universe. Vedic cosmology also considers many multiverses known as galaxies which are already existing in the 1/4 material sky having their own duration or timespan and having in them different varieities of lifeforms than those existing in our milky way galaxy or universe which has a timespan of 311 trillion 44 billion earthly years of which 155 trillion 72 billion years have already passed since creation.
The western theory of creationism of BigBang explosion is insufficient to explain the mysteries behind creation and the occurrence of lifeforms after BigBang explosion some 14 billion years ago. Lifeforms cannot exist in the first 4 billion 32 million earthly years after BigBang explosion which is logically mentioned in Vedic scriptures as Bramha’s night which coincides with the 4 billion 32 million time period after the BigBang explosion some 14 billion years ago during which there were no lifeforms. Vedic cosmology and western theory of creation are of the same view that after Bigbang explosion our Sun and adjacent Stars were born in the Milky Way universe during the previous Bramha Kalpa day which started some 10 billion years ago. As per scientific theory some 6 billion years ago a Super Nova star passed near our Sun trigerring in the formation or birth of our Solar system to which our earthly planet belonged which can support lifeforms. This occurred during the period when BramhaKalpa day ended some 6 billion years ago and the present SwetaVaraha Kalpa’s night started some 6 billion years ago during which no lifeforms existed on the newly formed earth. The 4 billion 32 million earthly years night period of SwetaVaraha Kalpa in which the Sun formed its Solar system due to the gravitational pull exerted by the Super Nova witnessed the formation of nine Solar planets and cooling of the earthly planet for a period of 4 billion 32 million years in which as per both the scientific community and Vedic scriptures the earth was gradually formed by the natural elements of ether, air, fire, water and finally earth became sustainable for the first lifeforms on earth some 2 billion earthly years ago which is considered as Kalparambha by the Vedic people when Lord Bramha’s present day of Shwetvaraha Kalpa started some 1 billion 970 million earthly years ago. The Vedic Aryans consider Kalparambha to be the beginning of present ShwetVaraha Kalpa day and also of the beginning of their long Vedic Manvantar history in which 14 Manus appear in a day of Bramha which is vividly mentioned in the Puranic histories.
According to the Vedic Aryan scriptures like SrimadBhagvatam Purana Lord Bramha is living in his 51st year’s 1 month’s 2nd day (Kalpa) which equals to 4 billion 32 million earthly years. The name of this day is ShwetaVaraha Kalpa and we are staying in 7th Vivasvan Manu Epoch’s 28th Mahayuga’s 5120 Kaliyuga Yugabdha year. At present 5120 Kaliyuga year is prevailing after the disappearance of Lord Krishna to his spiritual abode some 5120 years ago or when the present Kaliyuga started its reign over the earthly planet. Since Kalparambh or the beginning of the present ShwetaVaraha day of Lord Bramha some 1 billion 970 million earthly years have already passed of a total of 4 billion 32 million earthly years which makes a day of Lord Bramha. Both Vedic scriptures and modern science are of the same view that the Sun will burn itself of its energy and will grow in its size to become either a black hole or a white star after 4 billion years in the future eventually causing the end of earth and the Solar system. As per Vedic scriptures this period of 4 billion 32 million earthly years will be Lord Bramha’s night where annihilation shall occur of ShwetVaraha Kalpa which will be subsequently followed by a presiding new day of Lord Bramha to sustain lifeforms in the next cyclical creation in the Milky Way universe of Lord Bramha. Just as in a year there are 12 months and each month has 30 days in it so also Lord Bramha in his year has 12 months and each month has 30 days in it. SrimadBhagvatam Purana mentions the cyclical names of Lord Bramha’s 30 days or Kalpas which systematically occur every month. At present Lord Bramha is living in his 51st year’s 1st month’s 2nd ShwetVaraha Kalpa day which occurred after the 1st BramhaKalpa day.
During the night time of Lord Bramha which equals to 4 billion 32 million earthly years, Lord Shiva annihilates some planetary systems like the 7 lower planetary systems (Patala) and middle 3 planetary systems like our Martyaloka (Earthly planets) which remain submerged into the waters of Garbhodak ocean. Creation once again begins from the new day of Bramha when the inundated waters of Garbhodak Ocean subside under the instructions of Bramha, Vishnu and Shiva which are the controlling Gods of creation, sustenance and destruction respectively. Each Universal egg or Bramhanda in the material sky is created by the exhalations of MahaVishnu. In each material universe there is Garbhodak Ocean on which lies Garbhodakshayi Vishnu and from whose navel the secondary creator Lord Bramha is born on the lotus stem. Lord Bramha is the secondary creator in the universal egg created by Garbhodakshayi Vishnu. Lord Bramha creates various types of living organisms based on their desires and populates them in each of the 14 planetary system as per the 3 modes of material nature namely goodness, passion and ignorance. Lord Bramha also gives birth to Vedic knowledges from his 4 mouths and passes it unto his sons – the 7 sages known as Bramharishis. The many multiverses or Bramhandas or universal eggs spread across material sky are upholded and supported on the unlimited, innumerable Serpentine hoods of AnantShesha Vishnu who rests at the bottom of all the material universes.
Kshirdokshayi Vishnu resides as localized Bramhan in every atom and as the SuperSoul or Parmatma in every living entity who acts as the representative of Bhagvan Krishna in all the innumerable universes created by MahaVishnu. Kshirdokshayi Vishnu is also responsible for the 22 scheduled Vishnu incarnations that appear on the earthly planet as mentioned in the Bhagvatam Purana to establish religion and destroy the miscreants. The incarnations or Avatars of Vsihnu are categorized into Purushavatar, Manvantaravatar, Gunavatar, Yugavatar, Lilavatar and Shaktyavesha Avatar. Thus there are many incarnations of the Supreme Lord which appear on the earthly planet; however Supreme Lord Krishna is the origin of all Vishnu incarnations and is the original Vishnu. Thus Lord Krishna’s plenary expansions of Maha-Vishnu, Garbhodakshayi Vishnu and Kshirdokshayi Vishnu are responsible for controlling and regulating the Universal activities of creation, sustenance and annihilation in all his material universes. The Supreme Lord Krishna himself appears once in a day of Bramha in order to kill the miscreants and demoniac beings and to establish religion and righteousness in his creation and for protecting his devotees.
Maha-Vishnu rests on the Mahat-Tattva or Casual Ocean (Karanasagar) in Yognidra sleep or creative sleep which is far beyond the material creation of Lord Bramha in the material sky. Lord MahaVishnu annihilates the many multiverses with his breathing inhalations and also creates innumerable material universes from his bodily pores during his breathing exhalations. The Supreme Lord Krishna appoints his plenary expansion Lord MahaVishnu who is in charge of material creation to impregnate fallen conditioned Souls into the material energy by his glance for them to enjoy separately from the Supreme Lord as per their free will, desire and Karma into the many temporary manifested material universes. MahaVishnu is the Supreme controller from whom many material universes are manifested during his exhalations and destroyed during his inhalations. However, the material sky where all the material universes are created by MahaVishnu only occupies ¼ space and the spiritual sky occupies ¾ space which is unmanifest, eternal, transcendental and self-effulgent with Bramhajyoti rays consisting of Vaikuntha planetary system that are governed by the various four handed Vishnu incarnations.
Lord Krishna – the Supreme Personality of Godhead appoints MahaVishnu or Lord Narayan to execute his duties of maintaining the material universes while the Supreme Lord resides eternally in Krishnaloka or Goloka Vrindavan which is the topmost planet in the Spiritual world with his Self-realized pure devotees or Nityamukta ever-liberated Souls (Bhaktas) who enjoy serving (Seva) the Supreme Lord Krishna as per their Rasa or Bhava which are Shanta Rasa (neutrality) – the 4 Kumaras, Dasya (servitude) - Hanuman, Akrur Sakhya (friendliness) – Arjuna, Gopakumar, Vatsalya (Paternal affection) – Nand Yashoda, Devaki, Vasudeva and Madhurya (Conjugal lover) like the Gopis of Vrindavan who were the intimate devotees of the Supreme Lord, while the queens of Krishna in Dwarkadham are in Aishwarya Bhava.
Vaikuntha is the unmanifested (Parashakti) spiritual world were there are innumerable planets of various Vishnu incarnations like Lord Ram, Lord Narsimha, Lord Vasudeva etc. in which the devotees of those incarnations attain eternal association and serve the Supreme Lord after gaining liberation from the material world. The Jivatma after attaining self-effulgent Vaikunthaloka planets is never subjected to repeated cycle of birth and death. After attaining Vaikuntha planets in the spiritual sky by the mercy of the Supreme Lord the minute living entity – Soul (Jivatma) acheives deathlessness or liberation and is not being being subjected to the innumerable manifested (Aparashakti) material universes wherein repeated annihilation and creation occurs by the inhalations and exhalations of Lord MahaVishnu. At the time of exhalation Lord MahaVishnu creates innumerable universes in which he gives birth to Garbhodakshayi Vishnu from whom Lord Bramha is born and Lord Shiva assists Lord Bramha to create and annihilate the respective material universe. Thus Lord Vishnu is the primary creator and destroyer while Lord Bramha and Lord Shiva is secondary creator and destroyer respectively.
In all the innumerable material universes in the material sky Lord MahaVishnu is responsible for all the activities of creation, sustenance and annihilation and is the plenary expansion of Lord Krishna. Lord Krishna’s plenary expansion of Garbhodakshayi Vishnu supports each of the material universes and Kshirdokshayi Vishnu as the representative of Lord Krishna resides in every Jivatma as the SuperSoul and is also present in every atom.
According to modern western cosmology the lifespan of our Universe since the Bigbang explosion is 14 billion years old. As per modern scientists the Milky Way galaxy (Akashganga) with its innumerable stars was born some 12 billion years ago and the birth of our Sun is 8 billion 64 million years ago i.e. at the start of day of Bramha. The planet Earth was formed 6 billion years ago. All these calculations by the modern western scientists are correct and match with SrimadBhagvatam and Vedic history. According to Srimad-Bhagvatam Sun God was born from Aditi and all the Devas where also born during the same time because everything is born again in a new day of Bramha including Indra and the 7 Sages.
There are 33 principal Devas which manifest the glory of the Supreme Personality of Godhead - Lord Shri Krishna viz. the 8 Vasus, 2 Rudras,12 Adityas, Indra, Prajapati and 8 Dikpalas (controller of the 8 directions) and Manu (progenitor of mankind). Each one of them multiply their progeny by 1 crore to total as 33 crore Gods in the Hindu pantheon, which are responsible for the controlling of the innumerable planets, stars, galaxies, Nakshatras present in the Universe of Lord Bramha along with the Seven Sages and their wives.
The 8 Vasus represent the
1. Heated Cosmic Bodies
2. Planets
3. Atmospheres
4. Super terrestrial space
5. Suns
6. Rays of ethereal space
7. Satellites
8. Stars
Mother earth was born some 6 billion years ago and there was no life until 2 billion years ago on planet earth i.e. until the start of Shwetavaraha Kalpa. This period of 4 billion 32 million years of total annihilation and then followed by the same duration of creation each matches with SrimadBhagvatam wherein it is done by Bramhadeva and Lord Shiva on the instructions of Lord Shrihari Vishnu.
Shrimad-Bhagvat Purana vividly describes how earthly planet was formed some 6 billion years ago in the solar system to support life because no life-form can survive without the presence of 5 elements according to Sankhya philosophy. The earthly planet was assisted by the 5 principle Gods to support living organisms under the supervision of 3 principal Gods namely Bramha, Vishnu and Mahesh. The 5 principal Gods are known as the Panchamahabhutas and they are Ether or Aakash which is the 1st element, when there was only space, due to its relationship with Sun’s heat and rays Agni or the second element (Fire) was created resulting into the formation of red-hot molten fireball, which was cooled down by wind (Vayu – 3rd element), the association of Ether, Fire and Wind resulted in the formation of Rainclouds (Varuna) and water the 4th element was created and then mother Earth was inundated with massive amount of rainfall continuously for a period of 1 billion years. Each of these elements took a total of 3 billion years to complete the process. In the last phase Bhumi or earth as the 5th element appeared or surfaced as a Super-continent which scientists call as “Pangea” and the Puranas indicate it as “Plakshadwip”.
According to SrimadBhagvatam Lord Bramha was not satisfied with his creation of living organisms which were very micro-organic and devoid of sense consciousness inhabiting the land and waters of his first creation. These were the bacteria, virus etc and certain small unicellular organisms some 3 billion years ago which matches with modern scientists’ claims that life started on Mother Earth between 3 to 2 billion years ago. He was unhappy with this creation and therefore he inundated his whole creation with massive floods during which Lord Vishnu gave instructions to Swayambhuva Manu to preserve the good things and the Vedas from the previous creation and assumed the form of Matsya incarnation (Fish incarnation) and assisted Swayambhuva Manu in crossing the great deluge which was created by Lord Bramha.
Moon was created from the earthly planet during Swayambhuva manvantar some 2 billion years ago and he married the 27 Nakshatras which affects the lives of each human being on planet earth that gave rise to science of Astrology which is a Vedanga (part of Veda – developed by Bhrugu Muni and his son Maharishi Garga). Moon was cursed by Daksha Prajapati (father of 27 Nakshatras and Sati) of facing wanning and waxing period of 15 days in an earthly month as he was biased to Rohini nakshatra and Lord Shiva cursed him that he will be unable to support any life forms and will be constantly hit by meteorites, comets and outer space particles because he broke Lord Shiva’s penance. Moon-God was relieved from the curse of Lord Shiva when he worshipped Shiva at Somnath on the modern day Gujarat coast. Rahu and Ketu cursed MoonGod that he would be eclipsed by them because he complained Lord Vishnu to kill them since they were demons and had come to drink nectar in the garb of DemiGods.
Amphibians like Kurma (Tortoise incarnation) appeared and assisted the Devas in Samudra-manthan and Mohini avatar of Lord Vishnu prevented the demons (Rakshahas) from getting access to Amrut or divine nectarean potion because in the previous Kalpa - day of Lord Bramha the Rakshahas were appointed as guardians of all the universes.
Rakshakaha aksha iti Rakshasha (Demon) – millions of bodyguards, but these bodyguards of universe, then became enemies of their masters – the Demigods towards the end of the previous day of Bramha and desired to overpower the Devas and control the universal activities performed by them in the present Kalpa (day) of Bramha some 2 billion years ago. The 3 principal Gods and 33 crore Gods realizing the imbalance and threat posed by the Rakshashas to the new creation of Lord Bramha which will weaken the Demigods, so Lord Vishnu assisted the Devas in churning the milk ocean by incarnating as Lord Kurma. Lord Vishnu also appeared as Mohinimurti (illusory beauty) incarnation and was successful in getting nectar from the Rakshashas by her feminine charm. The Rakshashas then persuaded her as she was transporting nectar away from them and in that process drops of nectar fell on 4 spots where Kumbha melas take place in India every 12 years that is Ujjain, Nasik, Prayag and Haridwar.
The present day of Bramha known as ShwetaVaraha Kalpa started with the first Swayambhuva Manvantar some 1 billion 970 million earthly years ago after the defeat of Rakshashas (demons) in which Lord Vishnu incarnated as White Boar incarnation to defeat the demons.
The present ShwetVaraha Kalpa exists for 4 billion 32 million earthly years in which creation will remain and then Lord Shiva will annihilate the creation of Lord Bramha for 4 billion 32 million earthly years which is equivalent to the night of Lord Bramha as per Vedic time calculation.
Since the start of Bramha’s present day some 1 billion 97 crore, 57 lakh, 5 thousand, 120 years have already passed. At present we are staying in Lord Bramha’s ShwetaVaraha Kalpa’s 7th Vivasvan Manvantar’s 28th Mahayuga’s 5120 Kaliyuga year also known as 5120 Yugabdha year which started after the disappearance of Lord Krishna – the Supreme personality of Godhead who appears only once in a day of Bramha and who protects his devotees by destroying irreligion and establishing Dharma. Lord Krishna appeared during the end of Dwaparyuga and performed his earthly pastimes from BC 3228 to BC 3102 at Mathura, Vrindavan and Dwarka for 125 years.
The greatness of Vedas and Puranic history is that they are the most systematic, well recorded, scientific and authentic histories or records maintained by mankind since antiquity and has records of all the events from universal creation till the present day. Some Puranas like the Bhavishya Purana gives us information regarding the future occuring events which came to be true like the appearance of Buddha, Jesus and regarding prophet Mohammad. The followers of Sanatan Arya Vedic Varnashram Dharma, especially the Vedic Aryans or the followers of Hinduism should protect our great Vedic literatures that are considered to be unborn (Apaurusheya – born from the Supreme Lord himself) by propagating and spreading Vedic knowledges and not remaining aloof to them as most of the modern world is ignorant about Vedic knowledge and the spiritual wealth hidden in these Vedic literatures. Therefore Indians should preserve and propogate through all possible means by the medium of print and mass-media the real history of the universe by supporting Vedic Aryan knowledges.
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